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HIV
HIV is a viral infection that attacks the body’s immune system. There’s no cure, but the right treatment can reduce your viral load and allow you to live a long and healthy life.
Once your viral load is undetectable, you cannot pass the virus on through sex. This is known as U=U or undetectable = untransmittable.
Early diagnosis and effective treatment mean that most people with HIV will not develop AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) or AIDS-related illnesses.
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How do you get HIV?
HIV is most commonly passed on through mixing bodily fluids during vaginal or anal sex without a condom.
HIV can also spread
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from mother to child at birth or during breastfeeding
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by sharing needles or syringes or using unsterilised equipment for injecting
HIV cannot be transmitted in saliva, sweat or urine. So you cannot get it from kissing. And there’s a very low risk of getting it through giving or receiving oral sex.
Symptoms of HIV
A lot of people will not have symptoms and will not know they have the infection. So it’s important to get tested regularly.
For other people, HIV can cause flu-like symptoms a few weeks after infection. After this, the infection can stay in the body for years without showing any symptoms.
In the weeks after infection, you might experience symptoms that feel like the flu, including:
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raised temperature (fever)
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sore throat
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rash on the body
If you have any combination of these symptoms and think there’s a chance you have HIV, you should visit your local sexual health clinic, GP or HIV charity clinic straightaway.
After these first symptoms go away, you might not experience any symptoms for many years. But the virus will stay active in your body and cause damage to your immune system.
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